centos7系统greenplum5.7集群详细安装配置文档-亲试通过
1.准备
这里准备了4台服务器，1台做master，1台做standby，3台都做存储。
| ip | host | 配置 | 安装 |
| 10.0.0.2 | mdw | 2核64G 3*600G raid5 | master |
| 10.0.0.3 | sdw1 | 2核128G 10*2TB raid10 | segment |
| 10.0.0.4 | sdw2 | 2核128G 10*2TB raid10 | segment |
| 10.0.0.5 | sdw3 | 2核128G 10*2TB raid10 | segment+standbymaster |
OS:Red Hat Centos Linux Server release 7.3
GP:greenplum-db-5.7-build-1-RHEL5-x86_64.zip
JDK:1.7+
10.0.0.2 mdw
10.0.0.3 sdw1
10.0.0.4 sdw2
10.0.0.5 sdw3
greenplum官网下载地址：http://gpn.greenplum.com/download.php （注：需要注册后才能下载）
2、系统参数配置
系统参数配置的修改需要在每个节点服务器上执行
2.1.修改Linux内核参数
[root@mdw ~]$ vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmax = 500000000
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 4000000000
kernel.sem = 500 1024000 200 4096
kernel.sysrq = 1
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.msgmni = 2048
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1025 65535
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000
net.core.rmem_max = 2097152
net.core.wmem_max = 2097152
vm.overcommit_memory = 2
2.2.修改Linux最大限制
[root@mdw ~]$ vi /etc/security/limits.conf
$greenplum configs
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 131072
* hard nproc 131072
2.3.I/O调整优化
[root@mdw ~]$ vi /boot/grub/menu.lst
$greenplum configs
elevator=deadline
2.4.添加所有节点到HOST
[root@mdw ~]$ vi /etc/hosts
10.0.0.2 mdw
10.0.0.3 sdw1
10.0.0.4 sdw2
10.0.0.5 sdw3
2.5.关闭防火墙
[root@mdw ~]$ chkconfig –list iptables
[root@mdw ~]$ chkconfig –level 0123456 iptables off
2.6.设置SELINUX
[root@mdw ~]$ vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
2.7.重启系统使配置生效
[root@mdw ~]$ reboot
3、GP安装
GP的安装操作都是在主节点master上执行的
3.1.创建gpadmin用户
[root@mdw ~]$ groupadd -g 530 gpadmin
[root@mdw ~]$ useradd -g 530 -u 530 -m -d /home/gpadmin -s /bin/bash gpadmin
[root@mdw ~]$ passwd gpadmin
3.2.设置gpadmin用户环境
[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ cd /home/gpadmin
[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ vi .bashrc
[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ vi .bash_profile
.bashrc和.bash_profile最后都添加下面两行
source/home/gpadmin/greenplum/greenplum_path.sh
export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
设置完后记得source一下使其立即生效
3.3.上传并解压安装包
将greenplum-db-5.7-build-1-RHEL5-x86_64.zip上传至master的/home/gpadmin目录下
[root@mdw opt]$ /bin/bash greenplum-db-5.7-build-1-RHEL5-x86_64.bin
按提示输入回车或yes 这一步会将安装包默认解压到/usr/local/下，修改至/home/gpamdin/greenplun，并建立软连接greenplum-db
3.4.准备节点服务器信息文件
后面的批量安装会用到这两个文件，如果hostlist和seg_hosts内容一样，可以只创建一个文件
cd /home/gpadmin/greenplum
[root@mdw gpinit]$ touch hostlist
[root@mdw gpinit]$ touch seg_hosts
hostlist和seg_hosts内容：
hostlist:
mdw
sdw1
sdw2
sdw3
seg_hosts
sdw1
sdw2
sdw3
3.5.建立节点服务器间的信任
[root@mdw local]$ gpssh-exkeys –f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/hostlist
按照提示输入gpadmin密码，记住这一步不能输入gpadmin的密码，
3.6.批量安装
[root@mdw local]$ gpseginstall -f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/hostlist -u gpadmin -p gpadmin
这一步其实就是将master上的greenplum打包通过scp命令传到hostlist中的主机上，并赋予目录gpadmin的权限
3.7.检查批量安装情况
[root@mdw local]$ gpssh -f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/hostlist -e ls -l $GPHOME
返回结果中各节点目录一致则成功
3.8.创建存储目录
master
[root@mdw local]$ mkdir -p /data/gpdata/master
[root@mdw local]$ chown gpadmin:gpadmin /data/gpdata/master
segment
[root@mdw local]$ gpssh -f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/hostlist -e ‘mkdir -p /data/gpdata/gpdatap1’
gpssh -f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/hostlist -e ‘mkdir -p /data/gpdata/gpdatap2’
mirror
[root@mdw local]$ gpssh -f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/seg_hosts -e ‘mkdir -p /data/gpdata/gpdatam1’
gpssh -f /home/gpadmin/greenplum/seg_hosts -e ‘mkdir -p /data/gpdata/gpdatam2’
3.9.设置时钟同步
vi /etc/ntp.conf 在server第一行添加下面两行
server 10.0.0.2
重启ntpd服务 /etc/init.d/ntpd restart
查看ntp同步情况 ntpq -p
使ntpd服务重启服务器后也启动 chkconfig –level 0123456 ntpd on
3.10.创建GP初始化文件
[gpadmin@mdw~]$ cp/home/gpadmin/greenplum/docs/cli_help/gpconfigs/gpinitsystem_config /home/gpadmin/greenplum/gpinitsystem_config
[gpadmin@tj-soc-c04-csfb1 gpconfigs]$ chmod 775 gpinitsystem_config
3.10修改GP初始化文件
[gpadmin@mdw gpconfigs]$ vi gpinitsystem_config
$ FILE NAME: gpinitsystem_config
$ Configuration file needed by the gpinitsystem
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$$$$ REQUIRED PARAMETERS
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$$$$ Name of this Greenplum system enclosed in quotes.
ARRAY_NAME=” Greenplum ”
$$$$ Naming convention for utility-generated data directories.
SEG_PREFIX=gpseg
$$$$ Base number by which primary segment port numbers
$$$$ are calculated.
PORT_BASE=40000
$$$$ File system location(s) where primary segment data directories
$$$$ will be created. The number of locations in the list dictate
$$$$ the number of primary segments that will get created per
$$$$ physical host (if multiple addresses for a host are listed in
$$$$ the hostfile, the number of segments will be spread evenly across
$$$$ the specified interface addresses).
declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/data/gpdata/gpdatap1 /data/gpdata/ gpdatap2)
$$$$ OS-configured hostname or IP address of the master host.
MASTER_HOSTNAME=mdw
$$$$ File system location where the master data directory
$$$$ will be created.
MASTER_DIRECTORY=/data/gpdata/master
$$$$ Port number for the master instance.
MASTER_PORT=5432
$$$$ Shell utility used to connect to remote hosts.
TRUSTED_SHELL=ssh
$$$$ Maximum log file segments between automatic WAL checkpoints.
CHECK_POINT_SEGMENTS=8
$$$$ Default server-side character set encoding.
ENCODING=UNICODE
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$$$$ OPTIONAL MIRROR PARAMETERS
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$$$$ Base number by which mirror segment port numbers
$$$$ are calculated.
MIRROR_PORT_BASE=50000
$$$$ Base number by which primary file replication port
$$$$ numbers are calculated.
REPLICATION_PORT_BASE=41000
$$$$ Base number by which mirror file replication port
$$$$ numbers are calculated.
MIRROR_REPLICATION_PORT_BASE=51000
$$$$ File system location(s) where mirror segment data directories
$$$$ will be created. The number of mirror locations must equal the
$$$$ number of primary locations as specified in the
$$$$ DATA_DIRECTORY parameter.
declare -a MIRROR_DATA_DIRECTORY=(/data/gpdata/gpdatam1 /data/gpdata/gpdatam2)
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$$$$ OTHER OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$$$$ Create a database of this name after initialization.
DATABASE_NAME=sparkdb
$$$$ Specify the location of the host address file here instead of
$$$$ with the the -h option of gpinitsystem.
$MACHINE_LIST_FILE=/home/gpadmin/greenplum/hostfile
3.11.初始化GP
[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ gpinitsystem -c /home/gpadmin/greepplum/gpinitsystem_config -h /home/gpadmin/greenplum/ seg_hosts
中间需要输入一次：Y
如果没有报ERROR，GP数据库就安装好了。下面讲一些附加操作
4、附加项
4.1增加standby
一个gp集群只有一个master肯定会让人不放心，还好有备用，当master宕掉后，会自动启用standby作为master，下面来看一下standby怎么添加
在standby服务器上执行
[root@sdw3~]$ mkdir /data/gpdata/master
[root@sdw3 ~]$ chown gpadmin:gpadmin /data/gpdata/master
在master服务器上执行
[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ gpinitstandby -s sdw1
中间输入一次Y
4.2.增加mirror
mirror就是镜像，也叫数据备份。mirror对于数据存储来说很重要，因为我们的服务器指不定什么时候出毛病，有mirror就好很多了，因为两台存储节点同时宕掉的几率还是很小的。如果前面在GP初始化文件里忘记配置mirror了，请按照下面的方法添加
[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ gpaddmirrors -p 1000
运行过程中需要输入两次mirror路径：/data/gpdata/gpdatam1
4.3.设置访问权限
打开/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1/pg_hba.conf 按照最下面的格式添加客户端ip或网段
$user define
host all all 192.168.1.0/24 trust
host all all 127.0.0.1/28 trust
4.4.访问方式
可以通过gpAdmin桌面客户端来访问，也可以用命令行来访问，下面来说一下命令行访问的方式，loach是后面添加的用户
[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ psql -d sparkdb -h mdw -p 5432 -U gpadmin
[gpadmin@mdw ~]$ psql -d sparkdb -h mdw -p 5432 -U loach
4.5.创建用户
通过命令行登录以后，执行下面的命令
CREATE ROLE loach WITH LOGIN;
ALTER ROLE loach WITH PASSWORD ‘loach’;